A hurricane is a large, rapidly rotating storm that forms over warm ocean waters. It combines unyielding winds and torrential rains to create some of the most destructive natural disasters.
They are most dangerous when they make landfall. Winds and rain from these powerful storms can cause catastrophic floods that wreak havoc in towns and cities. In addition, hurricanes can release toxic chemicals and pollutants into the environment from damaged buildings, vehicles, tanks, and gas pumps. Chemicals and waste from these sources can leak into bodies of water, contaminating drinking and bathing water with bacteria, viruses, and chemicals. This can also lead to the spread of diseases like cholera and diarrhea. Hurricanes can also release toxins into the air by burning gasoline, propane, anti-freeze, and other fuel-burning equipment and releasing hazardous chemicals from wet building materials.
To prepare for hurricanes, it is important to follow local officials’ instructions and evacuate if advised. You should also plan ahead and make a family disaster plan. Consider the safety of your home and how to get there if you are advised to evacuate, and think about how you would take care of your pets. It is also important to know your evacuation routes, and confirm well in advance what your insurance policy covers.
To reduce the damage from these storms, governments can build levees and beach nourishment projects, and they can change zoning laws to encourage people to live away from flood-prone areas. They can also invest in storm-proofing, such as constructing barriers and elevating houses. Finally, they can improve early warning systems by developing weather satellites and radar.
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