Forests around the world contain more than 80% of Earth’s animal and plant species, and deforestation threatens them all. Animals that live in forests like orangutans and Sumatran tigers, and plants including coffee, tea, and bananas, depend on the shade and nutrients provided by trees to survive. Removing these trees leaves them vulnerable to harsh weather conditions, especially heat and drought.
Clearing forests for agriculture is the leading cause of global deforestation. Large-scale industrial farms for cattle ranching, soy and palm oil production, and timber logging often clear land without considering sustainability considerations.
In addition to providing food, water, and shelter for animals and plants, forests play an essential role in regulating climate and weather patterns. When forests are cleared, they lose their ability to absorb and store carbon dioxide through photosynthesis, causing atmospheric levels to rise. Forests also help regulate the amount of precipitation and soil moisture, preventing floods and droughts.
Many people living in rural communities rely on forest and savannah areas for their livelihoods, making them frontline communities affected by deforestation. They may depend on forests for food, building materials, and cultural resources. In addition, deforestation can lead to soil erosion and reduce crop productivity. As a result, locals can face shortages of essential resources and long-term economic strain.
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